Vianney Halter Deep Space Resonance Prototype
Independent Swiss master watchmaker Vianney Halter presents the Deep Space Resonance, a modern and technical interpretation of his 3 axis tourbillon. In this new creation, Vianney reengineered the tourbillon cage in order to integrate two acoustically synchronized balance wheels.
The idea of creating an acoustically resonant double-balance timepiece emerged in Vianney’s mind in 1996 when he started learning to play the piano.
When attuning the keys where three harmonic strings overlap, Vianney noticed an energy exchange between the strings that forced them to resonate. Just like on the tuning fork, the resonance mechanism seemed to depend on the fixed base through which the energy flows. He believed that there could be a similar way to synchronize two balance wheels.
As he was doing some research on the subject, Vianney found early 1800s blueprints of Abraham Louis Breguet’s attempts to achieve resonance. The schematics showed devices allowing for the fine tuning of the distance that separated the two balance wheels, which were in this case using a fundamentally different coupling than the piano or tuning fork.
Breguet’s works were based on the interactions between the balance wheel rims and the air between them, using the air as a fluid gearing. In this case the size of the gap, air viscosity and rotation directions were critical. Air behaved as a clutch and only one rotation was allowed. Without air, there could be no resonance.
On the other hand in order for the acoustic resonance phenomenon to occur, waves are of utmost importance. Using a linkage of some sorts, waves could be transmitted from one balance to the other. By having both spirals attached to a well designed common bridge, the two oscillators could influence each other and attain resonance, whichever direction the balances were turning.
In order to form solid bases for the mechanical groundworks, Vianney needed to study the pre-existing resonance watches, then craft an instrument that could demonstrate the possibility of resonance from coupling two oscillators. He then started collecting every chronometric object linked to undulatory phenomena he could, aiming to build such a demonstrator.
In 2007, Vianney Halter started the construction of the demonstrator he has been imagining since 2005. To build his movement, he used two identical Russian POLJOT deck watches that give him identical gear trains. For the two balances to resonate, he needed the two oscillators to be as similar as possible, and links them using a solid bridge, like in a tuning fork.
In 2012, Vianney brought an antique mechanical clock made by French clockmaker Jacques Langlois in 1660. With the help of horological expert Jean-Claude Sabrier, he discovered the clock is in fact one that Christiaan Huygens subcontracted to various craftsmen to demonstrate his isochronism theory.
In 2016, a major scientific discovery encouraged Vianney to continue his dream project. Almost a century after Albert Einstein relativity theory, gravitational waves were detected, confirming the existence of two collapsing black holes.
Space-Time is the fabric of our Universe. Heavy objects bend it and deform it and when they accelerate or collide, those objects generate waves that propagate through the cosmos at light speed, in all directions. Those waves perturbate the whole Universe, and finally were measured on Earth using a resonance based space-time seismograph.
This discovery was so important to Vianney he was determined to finish the research about acoustic horological resonance. By trying multiple configurations for the coupling of the two balances, he eventually found one that allows acoustic resonance without relying on aerodynamics.
At the same time, a new idea and new challenge emerged. In 2011 Vianney has decided to create a timepiece that reminds us of our four dimensions during our stellar travels. Introduced in 2013, the Deep Space Tourbillon watch with a 3 axis central tourbillon shows you the physical dimensions, surrounded by the display of our 4th dimension, time.
With these 4 dimensions making the elastic fabric of our universe, being warped and reshaped by gravitational waves, it appeared evident that the resonating oscillators will be placed at the center of the Deep Space Tourbillon.
The study of the demonstrators configurations allowed to define the tuning fork configuration in which will be the two balances. To prevent the wave dissipation, Vianney chooses specific, solid materials, and minimizes the length and complexity of the path the wave must travel. This led to the configuration in which the two spirals are mounted opposite in front of each other. Using a rigid shared bridge for the two spirals, Vianney made sure that the resulting resonance was a genuine behavior, not a functional artefact.
Work and perseverance eventually bore fruit, and at the beginning of 2019 the two balances in the demonstrator were beating as one. The behavior was stable and allowed Vianney to start the construction of a wrist worn model: the Deep Space Resonance.
The Deep Space Resonance Prototype immense works took over the entirety of 2020. Vianney built it to check that the acoustic synchronization correctly functions when worn on the wrist.
Thanks to the three axis rotation, every detail on the structure is visible. The complexity of the mechanism is highlighted by a unique and light architectural construction. The 42 polished curved pillars that hold the bridges are inspired by an antique Achille Benoît marine chronometer that dates back to 1840. Every part of the mechanism is traditionally decorated and refined by hand for a breathtaking effect. Despite the apparent complexity, the technological architecture was kept at the most simple and efficient.
The axis structure is layered in concentric cages: The innermost cage holds the balances and weighs 0.6 grams for 162 parts. This cage rotates inside the traverse in 60 seconds. The traverse weighs 2.8 grams and rotates around its horizontal axis in 6 minutes. The traverse is mounted in the cradle, which rotates on its vertical axis in 30 minutes. The whole 3 axis system counts 371 individual parts.
The beating frequency of balances is nominally 21‘600 vph but in reality they vary a little. Each balance will transmit its motion to the shared bridge which will in turn affect the other balance. This way, both balances will influence each other, and quickly and reliably reach a common frequency. In turn, this makes the whole regulating system more accurate.
The Deep Space Resonance Prototype is a manually wound, 65h power reserve watch. The balances start to resonate as soon as the energy is sufficient to set the balances in motion, and stay synchronized until all motion stops. The balances will synchronize and oscillate at the same time, but not necessarily in the same direction at the same time. This will define the resonance mode.
The mode depends on the position the balances were occupying when they started beating, and will keep this mode until the end of the power reserve. The next time the watch is wound, the balances may start beating in a different mode, and will offer a new view to the resonance phenomenon.
The dial is directly inspired by the Vernier caliper. The Hours and Quarters can be read in the top aperture. At the bottom aperture one can read the supplemental minutes by finding where the marks match the best.
For the final realizations of this technical device, the reading of the time will be easier thanks to a fascinating dial specifically designed to match the resonance principles. The power reserve will be drastically enhanced.
